Civil+Rights

= = =[|2014- Civil Rights Table of Contents] = Essential Questions:  EQ 1.Do rights have limits? EQ 2. When is Civil Disobedience justified? EQ 3. What determines whether or not a group is oppressed? EQ 4. Is the work of the Civil Rights Movement finished? EQ 5. What is the purpose of dissent in society? EQ 6. Is it the government's role to correct social injustice?

[|Link Chart Civil Rights] [|Frayer- Civil Rights] Women's Civil Rights ==The quest for gender equality began in the late 19th Century with crusaders, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony meeting and discussing strategies so that women could gain the right to vote. It was a long and arduous process. American women watched and learned new tactics from their British counterparts on obtaining the right to vote. In 1920, American Suffragettes, Lucy Burns and Alice Paul, saw the passage of the 19th Amendment to the US Constitution securing universal suffrage(voting) for men and women in the United States.== ==Voting rights and life in general was not so simple for African American women who faced not only gender discrimination but racial discrimination. African American women who lived in the southern regions of the United States would endure far more discrimination well into the the 1960s.== ==After women's participation in aiding the troops in World War II as factory workers, military support personnel, nurses near the battlefields, and even supply pilots, women were expected to return home to their lives as homemakers to play a subordinate role to their husbands. The majority of women after WWII did go back to that role with a feeling of dissatisfaction that festered and grew into the Modern Feminist Movement. Women such as Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem spoke out for women who felt suffocated by the expectations of their traditional feminine roles as housewives and mothers. This wave of feminism allowed women to voice their feelings about inequality in education and the idea of working outside the home for equal pay. The National Organization for Women (NOW) pushed for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the US Constitution as well as the women's right to choose. In 1973, the landmark case Roe v. Wade, the US Supreme Court set legal precedent by giving women the right to choose abortion with some restrictions. This decision made abortion legal in all 50 states.== ==American women have great made great strides in their quest for gender equality, despite the failure of the ERA Amendment which failed to gain the required number of states to ratify the amendment. In today's society, American women are expected to earn college degrees and maintain careers in the workplace while raising a family and keeping a home. It is now the exception that a woman would take time to stay home and raise her children! To that I say with mixed feelings, thank you to all those who worked hard to make this happen. Women today are now faced with having to do it all: be successful in the work force, have children (if you so desire), nurture and care for the family, and still find time for yourself.==

M.Healy
=Early Women's Rights = [|Timeline of Women's Rights]
 * [[image:http://www.museumsyndicate.com/images/5/48175.jpg width="168" height="153"]] || ======[|**Susan B. Anthony**]- Right for Women's Suffrage(?!) - the right to vote======

=
A tireless crusader for women's suffrage, Susan was arrested for voting in the presidential election in 1872. As punishment for her offence she was given the fine of $100 which was never paid. Her reasoning for not paying the fine was to attack your judicial attention, however, the judge chose not to pursue her on that offence thus ending her case, The passage of the voting act for women would take another 16 years after her death.======

=
A tireless crusader for women's suffrage, Susan was arrested for voting in the presidential election in 1872. As punishment for her offence she was given the fine of $100 which was never paid. Her reasoning for not paying the fine was to attack your judicial attention, however, the judge chose not to pursue her on that offence thus ending her case, The passage of the voting act for women would take another 16 years after her death.======

[|SBA Interactive Site]
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 * [[image:https://www.smith.edu/sites/default/files/media/Office%20Images/otelia-cromwell-800.jpg width="235" height="165"]]

|| // **African American women breaking barriers in the late** // // **1800s** //

**Alberta Virginia Scot**t (1875-1902)was the first known African American to graduate from Radcliffe College in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She entered Radcliffe in 1894, studying science and classics. After graduating, Scott felt she should teach in the South. In 1900 Booker T. Washington invited her to teach at Tuskegee Institute, but sadly, after a year she became ill and died.

**Otelia Cromwell** (1874-1972) had a long and distinguished career as an educator. She transferred from Howard University to Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. After graduating in 1900, she taught public school in Washington, D.C. She then went back to school, earning a master’s degree from Columbia University and a PhD. from Yale. Professor Cromwell became head of the literature department at Miner Teachers College in Washington. She wrote and edited several books and articles, including a respected biography of suffragist Lucretia Mott. She retired in 1944, and in 1950 she received an honorary degree from Smith. Today Smith College hosts an annual Otelia Cromwell Day, featuring lectures, films, and workshops. ||
 * [[image:http://memory.loc.gov/service/mss/mnwp/276/276017v.jpg width="198" height="279" caption="Lucy Burns & Alice Paul - Campaigning for Women's Suffrage"]] || **1910s**
 * Alice Paul & Lucy Burns**

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 * [[image:http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/threaded/files/2013/01/1920swomen-575x302.jpg width="313" caption="changes in women's lives in the 1920s"]] || **1920** - Changing social conditions in lives of American women
 * voting
 * dress
 * behavior

American women facing changes in American society post World War I ||
 * [[image:http://lh5.ggpht.com/_mj9Gps4ry8k/S79jl-8alvI/AAAAAAAACdU/Vjc8QFaNWjc/9WWEF00Z.jpg width="167" height="219" caption="Florence Owens Thompson 1936 Northern California"]] || **1930s** - The Great Depression Hits America

Women and their families just struggling to survive ||
 * [[image:http://www.northernsun.com/images/imagelarge/Rosie-The-Riveter-Button-(0276).jpg width="179" caption="Rosie the Riveter"]] || ==1940s==

===During WWII, women went to work in the factories performing jobs that were considered "Man's Work" Not only did women work in the factories, but they also enlisted in the armed forces. Women did not fight in combat, but did fulfill important supporting positions for the war effort such as supply officers, and medical personnel. When the war ended, these unique job opportunities also came to an end as the men returned home from the war and looked to regain their positions, and the numbers of service men and women decreased. This iconic image of "Rosie" urged women to do their part for the war effort, and remains a symbol of the power of women.=== ||

Modern Feminist Movement - Post World War II


Betty Friedan wrote her revolutionary work **//The Feminine Mystique//** and awakened the Feminist Movement.
In this work, Betty Friedan challenged American society by questioning the traditional role of women. Despite the fact that Friedan was a wife and mother, she felt that she could do more for society with her education rather than be just a housewife.

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[|Day in the Life of the Stay Home Mom 1960s] [|Good Wife & Video Guides]
 * ==[[image:http://thepaleomama.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/june-cleaver.jpg width="167" caption="1950s TV Icon - June Cleaver from "Leave It to Beaver""]]== || ==**Women in the 1950s**==

__[|Good Housekeeping - Guide for the Duties of Housewives]__

View the following clip regarding changing roles of women in society [|June Cleaver on the role of women] || As women began to hear Betty Friedan's message, popular TV shows began to get Americans talking about the issues
 * [[image:http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_6kYzhJGqq2M/TK6ErK2EhFI/AAAAAAAAFco/-yoO67txjYo/s1600/All+In+The+Family.jpg width="204" height="213"]] || 1970s

[|"All in the Family" - Equal Pay - Women's Liberation] [|"All in the Family" - Lionel's Potential In-Laws]

[|"The Jefferson's" - George is the Butler?] [|Maude - Maude & Carol Meet the New Housekeeper] || 1973 - Tennis - Houston Astrodome || The controversial ruling of the US Supreme Court legalized a women's right to choose abortion || Sitcoms like "One Day At a Time" focused on new issues of divorce and raising families in a society where working women also began to deal with the growing problem of divorce in the family and single parenthood.
 * media type="custom" key="26637170" height="26" width="26" || Battle of the Sexes: Billie Jean King vs. Bobbie Riggs
 * [[image:http://images.bwbx.io/cms/2013-04-18/pol_abortion17__01__630x420.jpg width="337" height="230"]] || ==[|Roe v. Wade]==
 * [[image:http://scottholleran.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/MV5BOTAzMDUwNTI4N15BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMTUzMTAzNA@@._V1._SX640_SY433_.jpg width="323" height="268" caption="1970s popular show "One Day At A Time""]] || 1980s

[|One Day At A Time - Women] || This just in on ERA -[| breaking news in Florida] ||
 * [[image:http://images1.dailykos.com/i/user/151025/equal_rights.jpg]] || [|Equal Rights Amendment]

[[image:http://kpbs.media.clients.ellingtoncms.com/img/photos/2013/02/19/MAKERS_RightsProtest1969_tx800.jpg?aae402d4163f394116c3dd6e602f75682c526327 width="320" height="209"]]


[|Changing Work Behavior of Married Women 2000] This article discusses how women's lives changed as they were more inclined to join the work force. It also delves into pay scales.

Civil Rights - African Americans [|List of Civil Rights] [|Emmett Till]

[|Defining: Segregation, Discrimination, Racism]
media type="custom" key="27829129"

[|13th,14th ,15th Amendments]
 * 13th Amendment

Date: || 14th Amendment

Date: || 15th Amendment

Date: || [|Text of 13th,14th & 15th Amendments]



[|Map of South Reconstruction1867] [|History Channel Link] [|2 column notes - Life After Slavery - Reconstruction Era] [|cartoon link] [|Thomas Nast]

** What does it mean? "Separate but Equal" **
= =

==== = = Will the real Homer Plessy please stay seated! Which one of these men was arrested for sitting in the whites only section of a train? Who are these men? Choices: Booker T. Washington, James Garfield, Homer Plessy, W.E.B. DuBois [|plessy v. ferguson] [|Justice Harlan's Dissent]


 * Majority Opinion || Minority Opinion ||
 * ** Justice Henry Brown ** - “ the object of the 14th Amendment is to enforce equality of two races before the law…but…not intended to force social equality or the comingling of the two races….it does not imply inferiority || ** Justice John Harlan ** – "Our Constitution is colorblind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizen are equal before the law....The present decision, it may well be apprehended, will not only stimulate aggressions, more or less brutal and irritating, upon the admitted rights of colored citizens, but will encourage the belief that it is possible, by means of state enactments, to defeat the beneficient purposes which the people of the United States had in view when they adopted the recent amendments of the Constitution." ||

Jim Crow
[|Jim Crow Laws] [|PBS.org] [|Brief Summary of Pless] [|List of Jim Crow Laws] [|Jim Crow Rules of Etiquette] [|PBS Narratives - Living Under Jim Crow] [|Jim Crow Narratives - Duke University w/ transcripts]

[|Jim Crow DJ] [|Analyzing Plessy Assignment]
 * ===__ De jure segregation __ - mandated by law - "separate but equal facilities" - this was mandated by the US Supreme Court in their decision on the landmark case: Plessy vs. Ferguson - The court's ruling allowed states to continue enforcing Jim Crow Laws of segregating people by race ===


 * ===__ De facto segregation __ - was a byproduct of the mandate - it became custom to almost completely separate races into different neighborhoods even though the law did not designate separated living areas. It just became customary to "stick with your own kind" ===

Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. DuBois
Get the Bigger Picture & Examining the leaders:Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. DuBois [|Rise of Segregation GO] [|video - DuBois] [|Bio Booker T. Washington] [|rivalry DuBois vs. Washington] [|More on De facto vs. De jure Segregation] [|Louisiana Literacy Test] [|Literacy Key]

**Moving into the 20th Century**
[|African Americans 1898-1948] [|Military History of African American] [|Modern Civil Rights Movement - Graphic Organizer] [|Map of Segregation in 1950]

[|A Time For Justice] 38 min [|A Time For Justice - Viewing Sheet] media type="custom" key="28743436"

Use your textbook to write the gist of event or person.



__ [|www.sweetsearch.com] __ [|findingdulcinea] **Inquiry: The Civil Rights Movement - 1950s America** Read Counter Points Tactics of Change p. 935 Summarize the tactics used by each man media type="custom" key="27880967" [|Text of "I Have A Dream" speech] media type="custom" key="27881065"



only love can do that" Message: || "Nobody can give your freedom. Nobody can give you equality or justice or anything. If you're a man, you take it.
 * Martin Luther King Jr || Malcolm X ||
 * "Darkness cannot dive out darkness: Only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate:

Message: || [|MLK - Malcolm X] media type="custom" key="26604424"



[|March on Washington for Jobs & Freedom 1963] [|Table of Contents Civil Rights African Americans]

[|JFK Library] Black Power - [|Dr. King - presentation] [|JFK Library] Black Power -

American Opinion on Civil Rights - 1963
media type="custom" key="26667728" [|Civil Rights Slide Show]

RESOURCES [|WWII & African American Soldiers] 1947 Jackie Robinson Breaks the Color Barrier [|Brown v. Board of Ed] Separate is Not Equal! [|MAP - School Segregation 1952] [|Little Rock 9] [|Eyes on the Prize - Rosa Parks] [|Sit-ins & Freedom Rides] [|James Meredith -Crisis Over Integration of Ole Miss 1962]

[|MLK Biography] [|MLK - bio#2] [|MLK - bio#3] [|Dr. King speaking in India about Gandhi - 1959] [|1963 March on Washington] [|March on W][|ashington] [|Registering to Vote: Freedom Summer] [|MLK's Last Speech] [|Civil Rights Timeline] [|EYES ON THE PRIZE - list of videos] All of the step were taken to fight against segregation & racial discrimination - JFK pushed for a Federal Act to legally end segregation - This became law after his death. = Civil Rights Act of 1964 - banned discrimination in schools & public accomodations=

= Voting Rights Act of 1965 - made it illegal to deny anyone the right to vote due to their race. [|CORE Voting Rights]= March on Selma Alabama

[|History of Civil Rights Movement]

[|timeline activity]

"A Time For Justice" - Part I [|part 1] [|Medgar Evers] [|Part II Medgar Evers] [|Cause of LA Riots Watts - 1965] [|Cause for Watts Riots] [|Newsreel Footage - Watts 1965] [|Chicago 1968] [|Riots in Cities - MLK Assassination]

Civil Rights Continued - Latinos, Asian-Americans, Native Americans [|Chinese political cartoons] [|Geary Law - Anti Chinese Immigration] for more links see chapter 15 of "Anthem" or my wiki page - [|Thomas Nast "Every Dog Has His Day"]"Turn of the 20th Century" - Immigration Angel Island & Ellis Island

Native Americans-


Lives of Native Americans - 990- 991 for Movements in the 1960s - 1973 **especially Wounded Knee South Dakota** [|Eyewitness to Wounded Knee Massacre] Witness to the Massacre - Black Elk - p 441 media type="custom" key="24183548" [|People of the Ogalala Sioux Speak Out] ||
 * [|Wounded Knee Standoff - US Marshalls]**
 * See chapter 13 "Anthem" for history of US Government's treatment of Native Americans -**
 * This includes treaties & massacres of native tribes in American West - large scale 1890s - many historians name this a genocide! See map of nati ve tribe & "battles" p. 440** Note Battle of Wounded Knee -1890 in which women, children, elders were massacred
 * “I did not know then how much was ended. When I look back now from this high hill of my old age, I can still see the butchered women and children … as plain as when I saw them with eyes still young. And I can see that something else died there in the bloody mud, and was buried in the blizzard. A people’s dream died there. It was a beautiful dream …” ||
 * —From “Black Elk Speaks,” ca. 1932 ||
 * [[image:http://my.hrw.com/images/points/1.gif]]

LATINOS
[|Viva la Causa] Cesar Chavez - Arizona native and veteran of WWII fought for change in the lives of the migrant workers in the fields of California. He used nonviolent methods to raise awareness and fight poor working conditions. His union the Farm Workers of America gained recognition through marches, strikes, boycotts, and Chavez' own hunger strikes. His organization & tactics captured American interest through the media & the association with Senator/Presidential Candidate Robert F. Kennedy who was also the former Attorney General(America's top lawyer) under his brother - slain American president, John F. Kennedy. Through Cesar Chavez work and dedication, Americans became educated as to the poor conditions of migrant farm workers and learned of "Viva la Causa" & "Huelga". media type="custom" key="24152284" [|The Life & Work of Cesar Chavez]


 * __Other Notable Names:__**
 * Dolores Huerta** - California - Associate of Cesar Chavez
 * Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzalez** - Crusade for Justice - Colorado 1960s-1970s
 * Jose Angel Gutierrez** - MAYO (Mexican American Youth Organization) - Texas 1960s - La Raza Unida - other chapters of this organization organized in Colorado, California as well as Texas
 * Brown Berets** - an organization mainly active in southwestern US - California - often espousing violent tactics late1960s to early 1970s
 * Boricua Movement** - Puerto Rican Movement for more economic opportunities in the mainland of the United States. The idea of independence from the US was addressed by this group, however, the unique status of an American Commonwealth remains. This group looked for more awareness as to the economic status of Latinos from Puerto Rico in major American cities such as New York. Several groups were active in this movement using tactics that included by violent & nonviolent methods
 * Cuban-Americans**- an influx of immigrants fleeing the Communism of Fidel Castro beginning in 1962 with waves of immigration lasting into the 1980s. Many second generation Cuban-Americans sought election to office in order to gain recognition as better treatment for Latinos in society - very active in Florida - Miami area

[|JFK - Last Speech to Congress]